Cywilnoprawne aspekty ustawy o zapobieganiu szkodom w środowisku i ich naprawie

Abstract

The liability rules established in the Act on Prevention of Damage In Environment and its Indemnification are of administrative character although the civil-law aspects are their important component. The objective of the article is to itemize these civil-law elements, to discuss their role in the overall mechanism of liability, as well as to research the intentions of the lawgiver when inserting them into the Act in question. In particular, civil-law elements of the notions of ‘damage’, joint and several responsibility for damage in environment (or a threat of imminent damage), causation between the conduct of a holder of surface of the ground and the occurrence of damage are analyzed, Furthermore, the issues of preventive and remedial activities of environmental authorities and the limitation of the rights of a holder of a surface of the ground they imply, as well as the issues of compensation for damage occurred as a result of their performance are dealt with.