A Screening Measure of Emotion Regulation Difficulties: Polish Norms and Psychometrics of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-8 (DERS-8)

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) serve as a transdiagnostic risk factor for a wide range of emotion-based psychopathologies, including anxiety and depression disorders. This study presents a report on the psychometrics of the eight-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-8 (DERS-8) and the development of its Polish norms. Methods: The sample comprised 1329 Polish adults aged 18–73, with 907 females, 384 males, 36 non-binary, and 2 people with an unidentifiable gender. The participants filled out a series of self-report questionnaires on DER, anxiety and depression symptoms, and well-being. Factor structure and measurement invariance, as well as discriminant validity of the DERS-8, were tested with confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent and divergent validity was assessed via relationships with negative and positive mental health outcomes. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated with alpha and omega coefficients. Demographic differences were also examined. Results: Our empirical evidence supported the strong psychometrics of the Polish DERS-8, including its good level of internal consistency reliability (i.e., 0.89) and strong validity. The one-factor DERS-8 model had a good fit, with its supported scalar invariance between a set of demographic variables and levels of mental health outcomes. DERS-8 scores were strong positive predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms and negative predictors of well-being, emphasizing the potential detrimental effects of DER on the dual continuum of mental health and mental illness. Conclusions: The Polish DERS-8 has strong psychometric properties. Given the development of its percentile rank norms, the scale can be used as a good screening measure of DER in the Polish adult sample.