https://repozytorium.ukw.edu.pl///handle/item/4157 2026-04-17T03:42:39Z 2026-04-17T03:42:39Z Kleinowski, Marcin https://repozytorium.ukw.edu.pl///handle/item/4650 2017-12-17T01:01:22Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

Czynniki budujące siłę i potęgę państwa na arenie międzynarodowej Kleinowski, Marcin The concept of power is central to international relations. This article examine the sources of power and the relationship of different power sources. We first begin by review of a taxonomy of power sources, and after that we generate new taxonomy. The starting point for opening the conceptual aperture is to identify the critical dimensions that generate different conceptualizations of power sources. This paper will begin to address these issues and open the door for continued discussion over the nature of power sources in international relations theory and practice.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Lewandowski, Arkadiusz https://repozytorium.ukw.edu.pl///handle/item/4649 2017-12-29T01:01:24Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

W poszukiwaniu modelu jedności. Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej i Akcja Wyborcza „Solidarność" jako przykłady inicjatyw scaleniowych na scenie partyjnej III Rzeczypospolitej Lewandowski, Arkadiusz The main purpose of this article is to present the phenomenon of forming of main political parties in Poland during the 1990s such as Electoral Action “Solidarność” (AWS) and Democratic Left Alliance (SLD). Moreover, the article partly describes the polish party system and process of its consolidation. The author puts an emphasis on the significance of the parliamentary elite in this process and its influence on existence of political parties. The article has been divided into two parts describing history of formation and typical features of each party. The author made an attempt to create the model of consolidation of political party in Poland and outlined its most important elements such as the cause and aim of integration and internal structure of political party. Taking into consideration the consolidation of SLD and AWS there is a visible inability of forming, one, universal model of integration process. It appears that the participating in elections is the only thing that presented parties had in common.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Gawłowski, Robert https://repozytorium.ukw.edu.pl///handle/item/4648 2017-12-14T01:01:24Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

Polityczne bariery rozwoju obszarów metropolitalnych Gawłowski, Robert The author tries to answer the question what are the political barriers to the development of metropolitan areas? He concludes that it is incredibly complicated and it causes many conflicts at many levels of authority. Therefore he examines several types of conflicts: conflict central city versus surrounding municipalities, the region vs. metropolis, the region vs. the central authorities, the central authorities vs. Metropolis. The subject of conflict is the division of powers between different tiers of local government. The entity most active in the debate on the shape of jurisdiction is the regional level, which is potentially the biggest loser, because losing a significant portion of its proceeds. Furthermore, in the case of a metropolitan institution manages the development of regional less wealthy individuals. The particular type of conflict we are dealing at the level of the metropolis and the central government. It is extremely destructive and can lead to ones-zero game, which has the privileged position of the government, which could solve the structure of the Metropolitan (for example of London). In view of the fact that political institutions determine the policy framework, the process of introduction of new metropolitan institutions must be carefully planned. Introduction solutions require consultation and a precise division of powers.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Willa, Rafał https://repozytorium.ukw.edu.pl///handle/item/4647 2017-12-20T01:01:23Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

Atrakcyjność inwestycyjna województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego w świetle członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej Willa, Rafał Despite the progressing outer convergence of Poland, it can be stated that, with the exception of a few big cities and few areas attractive in terms of tourism and agriculture, all Polish voivodships are threatened by the peripheralization in the integrating Europe. Furthermore, the restructurization processes of industry and agriculture together with a slow privatization of these branches of economy, despite visible positive results, brought about threats of unemployment, a low investment ability, little competitiveness of enterprises or ineffectiveness of the institutional system. What is more, the above-mentioned dangers occur to different degrees in different regions. Therefore, a low socio-economic cohesion is itself an obstacle to the enlargement of the cohesion at the European level. This paper tries to present the current level of socio-economic development of Polish voivodships, especially Kujawsko-Pomorskie, within the context of cohesion policy of the European Union.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z